Why is the removal of nutrients monitored in wastewater treatment?

Monitoring the removal of nutrients in wastewater treatment is crucial, particularly to prevent algal blooms in water bodies. When excess nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, are introduced into aquatic environments, they can cause rapid fertilization of algae, leading to algal blooms. These blooms can deplete oxygen in the water, create dead zones, and produce toxins that are harmful to aquatic life and even human health.

By effectively removing these nutrients during the wastewater treatment process, facilities can help maintain environmental balance and protect water quality. This not only supports the health of ecosystems but also contributes to sustainable water resource management practices.

While the other options may touch on relevant aspects of wastewater management, they do not directly address the primary ecological goal of nutrient removal, which is to mitigate the risk and impact of harmful algal blooms in receiving water bodies.