Which of the following parameters is commonly monitored to assess the effectiveness of wastewater treatment processes?

Monitoring the removal percentages of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), and nutrients is essential for assessing the effectiveness of wastewater treatment processes. BOD is a key indicator of the organic matter present in wastewater, and its reduction signifies that the treatment process is effectively breaking down organic pollutants. TSS represents the solid particles suspended in water, and its removal is important to achieve clear effluent. Nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, are critical to monitor since their excess can lead to eutrophication in water bodies, causing harmful algal blooms and other environmental issues.

Together, these parameters provide a comprehensive view of the treatment system's performance. Effective removal percentages in these categories indicate that the treatment plant is functioning properly and protecting the environment by reducing pollutants before discharge. Many regulatory guidelines focus on BOD, TSS, and nutrient levels, making them standard metrics for evaluating wastewater treatment success.