What is the proper procedure for mixing acids and water?

The proper procedure for mixing acids and water is to add acid to water. This is crucial because when acid is added to water, the water can absorb the heat generated from the reaction without the risk of the acid splattering or creating hazardous fumes. Adding water to acid, on the other hand, can lead to a vigorous reaction that may cause the liquid to boil and spatter, potentially leading to dangerous situations.

When following this procedure, it's important to always pour the acid slowly into the water and to do so in a controlled manner to ensure safety. The heat generated by the dilution process can be significant, and adding acid to water minimizes the risk of any violent reactions. This method adheres to safety protocols in laboratory settings and is a fundamental practice in chemical handling.