What does "pathogen reduction" refer to in treatment?

"Pathogen reduction" specifically refers to the process of decreasing the number of disease-causing microorganisms present in water treatment. This is crucial in preventing the spread of infectious diseases and ensuring that the treated water is safe for human consumption or environmental discharge.

In water treatment, various methods are employed to target and reduce pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. These methods include physical treatments like filtration and UV disinfection, as well as chemical treatments like chlorination. The ultimate goal is to lower the levels of harmful microorganisms to a point where they pose no significant risk to public health.

While certain treatments might inadvertently increase water volume or enhance nutrient availability, these aspects are not the focus of pathogen reduction. The key concept revolves around effectively diminishing the presence of harmful organisms, ensuring safe and clean water for use.